M16

No, not the rifle. The star cluster know as M16 contains these “pillars of creation.” This picture of the Eagle Nebula taken by the Hubble Space Telescope was one of the most famous astronomy images of the 1990s. It shows evaporating gaseous globules (EGGs) emerging from pillars of molecular hydrogen gas and dust. These giant pillars are several light years long and so dense that gravity pulls the gas together to form stars. At each pillars’ end, the intense radiation of bright young stars causes low density material to boil away,revealing the stellar nurseries in the EGGs. The Eagle Nebula is about 7000 light years away. Its pillars of creation were imaged again in 2007 by the orbiting Spitzer Space Telescope in infrared light. That image has led to the suggestion that the pillars may already have been blown apart by a local supernova, but light from that event has yet to reach the Earth.

Image Credit: NASA

Warp Factor

How did spiral galaxy ESO 510-13 get bent out of shape? The disks of many spiral galaxies are thin and flat, but with the gaps between star they are not solid. Spiral disks are loose conglomerations of billions of stars and diffuse gas all gravitationally orbiting a galaxy center. The common flat disk shape  is thought to be created by sticky collisions of large gas clouds early in the galaxy’s formation. Warped disks are not uncommon, though, and even our own Milky Way Galaxy is thought to have a bit of warp. The causes of spiral warps are still being investigated, but some warps are thought to result from interactions or even collisions between galaxies. ESO 510-13, shown in the digitally sharpened Hubble image above, is about 150 million light years away and about 100,000 light years across.

Image Credit: NASA